Some people have the mistaken idea that there is no need to worry about thrombosis
or clotting if you do not have stents as part of the angioplasty procedure. The

fact is that tiny nicks at least are inevitable and a potential site for blood

clots.

Another important consideration is that your doctor provides the right type and amount
of blood thinner. Simple blood tests will show if you are within the normal

limits to prevent clotting or conversely excessive bleeding. The use of blood

thinners, anywhere from aspirin to heparin, coumadin or warfarin needs to be

monitored closely. No one wants to develop blood clots or stenosis, but you

also don't want to bruise easily. What would otherwise be a simple fall could

result in internal bleeding and /or heavy bruising.

Some people are concerned about the purpose of valves they find that are malformed,
missing or non functioning. They are supposed to prevent the flow of blood from

the heart from backing up into the jugulars and into the brain. If they are

working correctly, they help the blood to flow back toward the heart.

Reflux has two parts:

1. Coming from the brain, down to the valve then back up for another way out.


2. The blood flows back from the heart , up through the jugular vein.

It should be possible to repair valves in CCSVI surgically which could alleviate
the entire problem for some people with MS.