From Sandro: New research using Zamboni's doppler method finds CCSVI in 83% of 552 pwMS; caused by blockage inside AND outside the vein.
We investigated 552 MS patients (mean age: 43±10 years) by Echo-Color-Doppler (ECD, MyLab Vinco System, Esaote), out of which 333 females (60%) and 219 males (40%). The identification of CCSVI by ECD examination was obtained following Zamboni’s criteria. The ECD data were analysed by MEM-net software (www.mem-net.it), which made possible an on-line diagnosis of positive (83%) or negative (17%) CCSVI patients.
RESULTS: We classified CCSVI in three different types by identifying a new hemodynamic parameter the “venous compression”. Type-1 with intravenous block (17%), type-2 with extravenous compression (4%) and type-3 with both conditions (79%).
CONCLUSION: The results provide the hemodynamic basis for a new CCSVI classification, which may lead to a better optimization of individual treatmenthttp://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/acta-phlebologica/article.php?cod=R43Y2014N03A0107


Assessment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis by...
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Mandolesi S. 1, Niglio T. 2, D’Alessandro A. 3, Mandolesi D. 1, Agati L. 1, D’Alessandro A. 4, Ciccone M. M. 5, Zito A. P. 5, Orsini A. 6, Manconi E. 7, Fedele F. 1