Abnormal Venous Flow and Neurodegenerative Disease: Part IV
Dr. Timothy Q. Duong talked on investigating the vasculature of the eye. MRI offers depth resolved, layerspecific

anatomical layers, quantitative retinal and choroid blood flow, BOLD fMRI responses in the human

retina. Dr. Simka talked about retinal abnormalities in multiple sclerosis patients with associated chronic

cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. The asymmetric outflow from the brain to the asymmetric stenosis of the

IJV was associated with higher risk of retinal neurodegeneration. High prevalence of ocular pathology was

also observed in MS patients without CCSVI. Dr. Diana Driscoll discussed the CCSVI and eyes. She gave an

introduction of vagus nerve suppression when IJV and/or ICA (internal carotid artery) expand due to

insufficient venous blood flow or stenosis in the jugular veins. On the basis of her interpretation of the

symptoms presented, it might be important to study vagus nerve compression as a likely cause (secondary to

CCSVI) of the symptoms for MS. She explained vagus nerve compression and CCSVI angioplasty (after

controlling the mast cells/ inflammatory cytokines) helps with some of the symptoms immediately.

http://www.isnvd.org/files/ISNVD_Newsletter.pdf