Thanks to Dr. Mark Haacke--a true innovator.
"Haacke has been working with researchers throughout the world for more than five years applying his techniques specifically to traumatic brain injury, stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. In this current project, he has demonstrated that there is a lower impact load, either inertia or direct impact forces, which may damage only veins, and he has shown medullary vein damage that has not been visualized with other techniques. The medullary veins drain the frontal white matter of the brain, so reduced blood flow here could possibly impair the higher level frontal neurocognitive functions. In light of this, treatments that improve blood flow to the brain might be a promising direction to pursue."


US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
mrmc.amedd.army.mil
The US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command at Fort Detrick